An acetylcholine receptor (green) forms a gated ion channel in the plasma membrane. This receptor is a membrane protein with an aqueous pore, meaning it allows soluble materials to travel across the ...

The neurotransmitter acetylcholine is an essential chemical communicator, carrying impulses from neurons to skeletal muscle cells and many parts of the nervous system. Now researchers at the ...

For ion transport at nanoscale confinements, a cost of energy is discovered that originates from the rearrangement of the counter-ion shell, with the magnitude of which depending on the type of ...