Before electronic flight bags (EFBs), pilots relied on paper instrument approach plates, primarily choosing between government-produced National Ocean Service (NOS) charts and Jeppesen charts.

Instrument approach charts evolved from early user-feedback designs to the scientifically developed "Volpe format" in the mid-1990s, driven by FAA-commissioned human factors studies. These studies ...

Everybody knows tonight's the night Santa departs the North Pole on his round-the-world trip delivering presents. What you might not know is that because the weather at the North Pole can be ...

To illustrate the many aspects of defining and implementing general flight and operating rules, consider the specifications for a Category II or III instrument approach to land as reflected in the ...