Many studies of evolution focus on the benefits to the individual of competing successfully -- those who survive produce the most offspring, in Darwin's classic 'survival of the fittest'. But how does ...

Mutualism describes a relationship that benefits both parties – the win-win of our world. A new study reports on a mutualism that goes from ants to trees to elephants to lions and zebras. It serves as ...

This is a preview. Log in through your library . Abstract Interspecific facultative mutualisms typically involve guilds of interacting species, and species within a guild can vary in the quality of ...

This is a preview. Log in through your library . Abstract • Polyploidy is a key driver of ecological and evolutionary processes in plants, yet little is known about its effects on biotic interactions.

A golden crown flying fox, one of many species of bats, is a keystone species that helps fertilize the forest with its droppings. Keystone species helps define an entire ecosystem Without keystone ...

Biologists at the universities of York and Exeter have published new research which shows that an ancient symbiosis is founded entirely on exploitation, not mutual benefit.