Electromagnetic momentum and optical forces have emerged as pivotal concepts in modern optical science, bridging fundamental physics and advanced technological applications. At its core, ...

Invisible light beyond the range of human vision plays a vital role in communication technologies, medical diagnostics, and optical sensing. Ultraviolet and near-infrared wavelengths are routinely ...

Coatings produced via atomic layer deposition (ALD) or ion-beam sputtering (IBS) offer dense film structure, superior ...

Modern society is now so dependent on electronics that an invisible radiation pulse is ...