X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy is based on the same principle as all photoelectron spectroscopy methods. If a molecule or material is irradiated with light of a known energy above the ionization ...

As the acronym suggests XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) is a spectroscopic technique. An XPS spectrum is displayed as the number of photoelectrons collected by the detector as a function of ...

For the first time, and contrary to popular belief, scientists measured the vibrational structure of hydrogen and helium atoms by X-rays. The results disprove the misconception that it’s impossible to ...

Graphene is a single-atom-thick carbon sheet discovered in 2004. The crucial question during graphene synthesis is, "How do I know that the material I'm making is actually single-atom thick?" Because ...

X-rays, a type of electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths from 0.01 to 10 nanometers, pack enough energy to pierce materials and interact with inner-shell electrons. 1 When they hit a sample, ...